Home U+0370 to U+03FF Greek and Coptic
Glyph for U+03C8
Source: Noto Sans

U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi

U+03C8 was added to Unicode in version 1.1 (1993). It belongs to the block U+0370 to U+03FF Greek and Coptic in the U+0000 to U+FFFF Basic Multilingual Plane.

This character is a Lowercase Letter and is mainly used in the Greek script. It is related to its uppercase variant Glyph for U+03A8 Greek Capital Letter Psi and its titlecase variant Glyph for U+03A8 Greek Capital Letter Psi.

The glyph is not a composition. It has a Ambiguous East Asian Width. In bidirectional context it acts as Left To Right and is not mirrored. The glyph can, under circumstances, be confused with 7 other glyphs. In text U+03C8 behaves as Alphabetic regarding line breaks. It has type Lower for sentence and Alphabetic Letter for word breaks. The Grapheme Cluster Break is Any.

The Wikipedia has the following information about this codepoint:

Psi (uppercase Ψ, lowercase ψ; Greek: ψι psi [ˈpsi]) is the 23rd letter of the Greek alphabet and is associated with a numeric value of 700. In both Classical and Modern Greek, the letter indicates the combination /ps/ (as in English word "lapse").

For Greek loanwords in Latin and modern languages with Latin alphabets, psi is usually transliterated as "ps".

The letter's origin is uncertain. It may or may not derive from the Phoenician alphabet. There are several psi-like symbols such as 𐀂 (*28), 𐀚(*24) and 𐀩(*27) in the Linear B script, which suggests a pre-Phonecian origin of the character. It appears in the 7th century BC, expressing /ps/ in the Eastern alphabets, but /kʰ/ in the Western alphabets (the sound expressed by Χ in the Eastern alphabets). In writing, the early letter appears in an angular shape (). There were early graphical variants that omitted the stem ("chickenfoot-shaped psi" as: or ).

The Western letter (expressing /kʰ/, later /x/) was adopted into the Old Italic alphabets, and its shape is also continued into the Algiz rune of the Elder Futhark.

Psi, or its Arcadian variant or was adopted in the Latin alphabet in the form of “Antisigma” (Ↄ, ↃC, or 𐌟) during the reign of Emperor Claudius as one of the three Claudian letters. However, it was abandoned after his death.

The classical Greek letter was adopted into the early Cyrillic alphabet as "Ѱ".

Representations

System Representation
968
UTF-8 CF 88
UTF-16 03 C8
UTF-32 00 00 03 C8
URL-Quoted %CF%88
HTML hex reference ψ
Wrong windows-1252 Mojibake ψ
HTML named entity ψ
Encoding: EUC-KR (hex bytes) A5 F7
Encoding: ISO-8859-7 (hex bytes) F8
Encoding: JIS0208 (hex bytes) A6 D7
Encoding: WINDOWS-1253 (hex bytes) F8
LATEX \psi
Adobe Glyph List psi
digraph q*

Related Characters

Confusables

Elsewhere

Complete Record

Property Value
Age 1.1 (1993)
Unicode Name GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI
Unicode 1 Name
Block Greek and Coptic
General Category Lowercase Letter
Script Greek
Bidirectional Category Left To Right
Combining Class Not Reordered
Decomposition Type None
Decomposition Mapping Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
Lowercase
Simple Lowercase Mapping Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
Lowercase Mapping Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
Uppercase
Simple Uppercase Mapping Glyph for U+03A8 Greek Capital Letter Psi
Uppercase Mapping Glyph for U+03A8 Greek Capital Letter Psi
Simple Titlecase Mapping Glyph for U+03A8 Greek Capital Letter Psi
Titlecase Mapping Glyph for U+03A8 Greek Capital Letter Psi
Case Folding Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
ASCII Hex Digit
Alphabetic
Bidi Control
Bidi Mirrored
Composition Exclusion
Case Ignorable
Changes When Casefolded
Changes When Casemapped
Changes When NFKC Casefolded
Changes When Lowercased
Changes When Titlecased
Changes When Uppercased
Cased
Full Composition Exclusion
Default Ignorable Code Point
Dash
Deprecated
Diacritic
Emoji Modifier Base
Emoji Component
Emoji Modifier
Emoji Presentation
Emoji
Extender
Extended Pictographic
FC NFKC Closure Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
Grapheme Cluster Break Any
Grapheme Base
Grapheme Extend
Grapheme Link
Hex Digit
Hyphen
ID Continue
ID Start
IDS Binary Operator
IDS Trinary Operator and
Ideographic
Indic Mantra Category
Indic Positional Category NA
Indic Syllabic Category Other
Jamo Short Name
Join Control
Logical Order Exception
Math
Noncharacter Code Point
NFC Quick Check Yes
NFD Quick Check Yes
NFKC Casefold Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
NFKC Quick Check Yes
NFKD Quick Check Yes
Other Alphabetic
Other Default Ignorable Code Point
Other Grapheme Extend
Other ID Continue
Other ID Start
Other Lowercase
Other Math
Other Uppercase
Prepended Concatenation Mark
Pattern Syntax
Pattern White Space
Quotation Mark
Regional Indicator
Radical
Sentence Break Lower
Soft Dotted
Sentence Terminal
Terminal Punctuation
Unified Ideograph
Variation Selector
Word Break Alphabetic Letter
White Space
XID Continue
XID Start
Expands On NFC
Expands On NFD
Expands On NFKC
Expands On NFKD
Bidi Paired Bracket Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
Bidi Paired Bracket Type None
East Asian Width Ambiguous
Hangul Syllable Type Not Applicable
ISO 10646 Comment
Joining Group No_Joining_Group
Joining Type Non Joining
Line Break Alphabetic
Numeric Type None
Numeric Value not a number
Simple Case Folding Glyph for U+03C8 Greek Small Letter Psi
Script Extension
Vertical Orientation R