Home: go to the homepage U+10980 to U+1099F Meroitic Hieroglyphs
Glyph for U+10991
Source: Noto Sans Meroitic

U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha

U+10991 was added in Unicode version 6.1 in 2012. It belongs to the block U+10980 to U+1099F Meroitic Hieroglyphs in the U+10000 to U+1FFFF Supplementary Multilingual Plane.

This character is a Other Letter and is mainly used in the Meroitic Hieroglyphs script.

The glyph is not a composition. It has no designated width in East Asian texts. In bidirectional text it is written from right to left. When changing direction it is not mirrored. The word that U+10991 forms with similar adjacent characters prevents a line break inside it.

The Wikipedia has the following information about this codepoint:

The Meroitic script consists of two alphasyllabic scripts developed to write the Meroitic language at the beginning of the Meroitic Period (3rd century BC) of the Kingdom of Kush. The two scripts are Meroitic Cursive, derived from Demotic Egyptian, and Meroitic Hieroglyphs, derived from Egyptian hieroglyphs. Meroitic Cursive is the most widely attested script, constituting ~90% of all inscriptions, and antedates, by a century or more, the earliest surviving Meroitic hieroglyphic inscription. Greek historian Diodorus Siculus (ca. 50 BC) described the two scripts in his Bibliotheca historica, Book III (Africa), Chapter 4. The last known Meroitic inscription is the Meroitic Cursive inscription of the Blemmye king, Kharamadoye, from a column in the Temple of Kalabsha (REM 0094), which has recently been re-dated to AD 410/ 450 of the 5th century. Before the Meroitic Period, Egyptian hieroglyphs were used to write Kushite names and lexical items.

Though the Kingdom of Kush ended with the fall of the royal capital of MeroΓ«, use of the language and Cursive script continued for a time after that event. During the 6th century Christianization of Nubia, the Kushite language and Cursive script were replaced by Byzantine Greek, Coptic, and Old Nubian. The Old Nubian script, derived from the Uncial Greek script, added three Meroitic Cursive letters: ⟨ne⟩, ⟨w(a)⟩, and possibly ⟨kh(a)⟩, for Old Nubian [Ι²], [w – u], and [Ε‹] respectively. This addition of Meroitic Cursive letters suggests that the development of the Old Nubian script began at least two centuries before its first full attestation in the late 8th century and/or that knowledge of the Kushite language and script was retained until the 8th century.

The script was deciphered in 1909 by Francis Llewellyn Griffith, a British Egyptologist, based on the Meroitic spellings of Egyptian names. However, the Meroitic language itself remains poorly understood. In late 2008, the first complete royal dedication was found, which may help confirm or refute some of the current hypotheses.

The longest inscription found is in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

Representations

System Representation
NΒΊ 67985
UTF-8 F0 90 A6 91
UTF-16 D8 02 DD 91
UTF-32 00 01 09 91
URL-Quoted %F0%90%A6%91
HTML hex reference 𐦑
Wrong windows-1252 Mojibake Γ°ΒΒ¦β€˜
Encoding: GB18030 (hex bytes) 90 31 F7 39

Elsewhere

Complete Record

Property Value
Age (age) 6.1 (2012)
Unicode Name (na) MEROITIC HIEROGLYPHIC LETTER KHA
Unicode 1 Name (na1) β€”
Block (blk) Meroitic Hieroglyphs
General Category (gc) Other Letter
Script (sc) Meroitic Hieroglyphs
Bidirectional Category (bc) Right To Left
Combining Class (ccc) Not Reordered
Decomposition Type (dt) none
Decomposition Mapping (dm) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Lowercase (Lower) ✘
Simple Lowercase Mapping (slc) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Lowercase Mapping (lc) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Uppercase (Upper) ✘
Simple Uppercase Mapping (suc) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Uppercase Mapping (uc) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Simple Titlecase Mapping (stc) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Titlecase Mapping (tc) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Case Folding (cf) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
ASCII Hex Digit (AHex) ✘
Alphabetic (Alpha) βœ”
Bidi Control (Bidi_C) ✘
Bidi Mirrored (Bidi_M) ✘
Composition Exclusion (CE) ✘
Case Ignorable (CI) ✘
Changes When Casefolded (CWCF) ✘
Changes When Casemapped (CWCM) ✘
Changes When NFKC Casefolded (CWKCF) ✘
Changes When Lowercased (CWL) ✘
Changes When Titlecased (CWT) ✘
Changes When Uppercased (CWU) ✘
Cased (Cased) ✘
Full Composition Exclusion (Comp_Ex) ✘
Default Ignorable Code Point (DI) ✘
Dash (Dash) ✘
Deprecated (Dep) ✘
Diacritic (Dia) ✘
Emoji Modifier Base (EBase) ✘
Emoji Component (EComp) ✘
Emoji Modifier (EMod) ✘
Emoji Presentation (EPres) ✘
Emoji (Emoji) ✘
Extender (Ext) ✘
Extended Pictographic (ExtPict) ✘
FC NFKC Closure (FC_NFKC) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Grapheme Cluster Break (GCB) Any
Grapheme Base (Gr_Base) βœ”
Grapheme Extend (Gr_Ext) ✘
Grapheme Link (Gr_Link) ✘
Hex Digit (Hex) ✘
Hyphen (Hyphen) ✘
ID Continue (IDC) βœ”
ID Start (IDS) βœ”
IDS Binary Operator (IDSB) ✘
IDS Trinary Operator and (IDST) ✘
IDSU (IDSU) 0
ID_Compat_Math_Continue (ID_Compat_Math_Continue) 0
ID_Compat_Math_Start (ID_Compat_Math_Start) 0
Ideographic (Ideo) ✘
InCB (InCB) None
Indic Mantra Category (InMC) β€”
Indic Positional Category (InPC) NA
Indic Syllabic Category (InSC) Other
Jamo Short Name (JSN) β€”
Join Control (Join_C) ✘
Logical Order Exception (LOE) ✘
Modifier Combining Mark (MCM) ✘
Math (Math) ✘
Noncharacter Code Point (NChar) ✘
NFC Quick Check (NFC_QC) Yes
NFD Quick Check (NFD_QC) Yes
NFKC Casefold (NFKC_CF) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
NFKC Quick Check (NFKC_QC) Yes
NFKC_SCF (NFKC_SCF) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
NFKD Quick Check (NFKD_QC) Yes
Other Alphabetic (OAlpha) ✘
Other Default Ignorable Code Point (ODI) ✘
Other Grapheme Extend (OGr_Ext) ✘
Other ID Continue (OIDC) ✘
Other ID Start (OIDS) ✘
Other Lowercase (OLower) ✘
Other Math (OMath) ✘
Other Uppercase (OUpper) ✘
Prepended Concatenation Mark (PCM) ✘
Pattern Syntax (Pat_Syn) ✘
Pattern White Space (Pat_WS) ✘
Quotation Mark (QMark) ✘
Regional Indicator (RI) ✘
Radical (Radical) ✘
Sentence Break (SB) Other Letter
Soft Dotted (SD) ✘
Sentence Terminal (STerm) ✘
Terminal Punctuation (Term) ✘
Unified Ideograph (UIdeo) ✘
Variation Selector (VS) ✘
Word Break (WB) Alphabetic Letter
White Space (WSpace) ✘
XID Continue (XIDC) βœ”
XID Start (XIDS) βœ”
Expands On NFC (XO_NFC) ✘
Expands On NFD (XO_NFD) ✘
Expands On NFKC (XO_NFKC) ✘
Expands On NFKD (XO_NFKD) ✘
Bidi Paired Bracket (bpb) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Bidi Paired Bracket Type (bpt) None
East Asian Width (ea) neutral
Hangul Syllable Type (hst) Not Applicable
ISO 10646 Comment (isc) β€”
Joining Group (jg) No_Joining_Group
Joining Type (jt) Non Joining
Line Break (lb) Alphabetic
Numeric Type (nt) none
Numeric Value (nv) not a number
Simple Case Folding (scf) Glyph for U+10991 Meroitic Hieroglyphic Letter Kha
Script Extension (scx)
Vertical Orientation (vo) U